Risk Factors of COPD

In order to reduce the risk regarding respiratory infection, the nurse must educate the patient to avoid greater crowds, particularly during identified influenza seasons, to evade contact with individuals who have an infection on upper respiratory area, to get pneumonia and influenza immunizations, to contact the provider of health care if the subsequent common symptoms and signs arise: change in amount, colour and consistency in sputum; more productive or frequent cough; change in behaviour, elevated temperature which shows a rise in PaCo₂; increased dyspnea, increased fatigue, increased peripheral edema or weight gain. It is the enumerated responsibility of clinician to make sure the needed dose of oxygen is provided to the patient in an adequate manner: the condition of the patient should be monitored regularly. The clinicians should permit 5 minutes after any alteration to oxygen device or liter or percentage per minute and the respiratory rate should be recorded on the observation chart of the patient. The delivery of document oxygen in proportion terms except for nasal cannulae or non-rebreathe ‘trauma’ cover is in use. Ascribe humidification device if needed. This is shown by a flow rate of more than five liters through a face mask or more than 35 percent oxygen except in pulmonary edema.

Observe for clinical symptoms of deterioration i.e. patients often become restless, conscious level decreases, dowry or confused and there may be fall in saturation.  Patients who need oxygen or are in respiratory failure must be motivated in order to take regular profound breaths in a full-side lying position or high sitting. Collection of water under the tubing can completely or partially block the oxygen’s flow.

Provide mouth care, however proper fluid intake or oral hygiene should be stimulated. If mask turns out to be wholly polluted with secretions it must be replaced or cleaned. Observe for elastic strap influencing damage of tissue around the bridge of nose or ears, using a strip of Aderma or hydrocolloid if required. Early treatment is required to reduce this disease. However, regular assessment is also required to make sure that adequate and proper medications are provided, information and education needs are encountered, and symptoms are as healthy managed as possible. The management to control and manage the COPD is well appropriate to nurse-led care, given that the nurse is properly educated and trained. The management and diagnosis of COPD are however multifaceted, patients are co-morbidity and older is common. Continuing professional development and high-quality training, together with assistance from a multi-disciplinary team and medical colleagues help to ensure quality and good care of patients.

It has observed that in Wales and England, around 900,000 populations identified as having the disease of COPD. This disease is mainly diagnosed in a region like socio-economic deprivation. By 2020 in developing countries it is the third cause of expiries, mainly the reason for increasing the consumption of smoking. COPD is largely caused by air pollution, smoking or being unprotected to smoke or very seldom genetically transferred from the parents. The symptoms individuals with COPD are a chest infection, phlegm, cough, breathlessness, and wheezing. A person with COPD avoid socialization, jobless, struggle to walk, and mainly family associates are under pressure as of the financial issues and with the conditions of patient’s health.